Purpose:
The purpose of this procedure is to properly care and maintain the 12V AGM (Absorbent Glass Mat) batteries used for the robot. Proper battery maintenance helps maximize the performance and reliability of the batteries for both competition and practice on the field.
Scope:
This procedure applies to all team members responsible for handling, maintaining, and storing the 12V AGM batteries used on the robot. It covers identifying inspection, charging, cleaning, and storage of the batteries to ensure they remain in optimal condition for use during build season, practice, and competitions.
Responsibility:
Battery Manager (Primary Responsibility): The Battery Manager (or designated team member) is responsible for overseeing the battery maintenance, ensuring batteries are properly charged, inspected, and stored. This person will also track battery performance and report any issues.
Team Members: All team members should be aware of battery maintenance best practices and assist with inspection, cleaning, and proper handling of the batteries as directed by the Battery Manager.
Mentors/Coaches: Provide guidance and supervision to ensure the procedure is followed correctly.
Associated Documents and Media:
Battery Manual: Includes technical specifications and charging guidelines.
Charger User Manual: Instructions for the specific charger used to charge AGM batteries.
Battery Log: A log to record battery usage, voltage readings, and maintenance.
Safety:
Handling AGM batteries requires proper safety precautions to avoid accidents and damage. Follow these guidelines:
Wear Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Safety goggles to protect your eyes from sparks or accidental acid exposure.
Gloves (rubber or nitrile) to protect your hands from battery acid or corrosion.
Avoid Short Circuits:
Never allow the battery terminals to touch each other or any metal objects. A short circuit can cause sparks, damage the battery, or even lead to a fire.
Handle with Care: AGM batteries are sealed and designed to be maintenance-free, but they can still be damaged by mishandling. Always lift the battery by the base and not the cables. Avoid dropping it.
No Liquids Near Batteries
Materials and Equipment:
12V AGM Batteries (team-specific, checked for health and condition)
Battery Charger (proper charger for AGM batteries)
Battery Beak (to measure battery voltage)
Battery Discharger (measure battery capacity)
Protective Gloves and Safety Glasses
Battery Terminal Protectors (optional for corrosion prevention)
Battery Performance Log (for recording voltage and maintenance)
Torque Wrench (to tighten terminals to recommended specification)
Isopropyl Alcohol (for cleaning corrosion, if necessary)
Charging Station Setup (dedicated, safe area for charging multiple batteries)
Procedure:
- Initial Battery Inspection:
Check for Physical Damage:
Examine each battery for cracks, leaks, or dents. If the battery shows any signs of damage, it should be replaced.
Check Battery Voltage:
Use battery beak to measure the voltage of each battery. A healthy, fully charged AGM battery should read between 12.6V and 12.8V. If the voltage is below 12.0V, the battery needs to be charged or replaced.
- Cleaning the Battery Terminals:
Disconnect the battery from the robot before cleaning.
Use a wire brush or battery terminal cleaner to remove corrosion or dirt from the battery terminals. Clean both the battery posts and the connectors.
Optionally, use isopropyl alcohol on a cloth to wipe off any remaining residue.
After cleaning, you may apply a thin layer of petroleum jelly or a special battery terminal protectant to the terminals to prevent future corrosion.
- Charging the AGM Battery:
Set up a Charging Station: Use a well-ventilated area to charge the batteries.
Connect the Charger:
Always connect the charger to the battery's positive terminal (red) first, followed by the negative terminal (black).
Use a charger specifically designed for AGM batteries, as other chargers may overcharge or damage the battery.
Monitor Charging: Ensure the battery is charging at the recommended rate. Charging should take several hours, and the voltage should reach 12.6V to 12.8V when fully charged.
Never leave the battery charging unattended for extended periods.
Disconnect After Charging:
Once the battery is fully charged, turn off the charger.
Disconnect the charger, starting with the negative terminal (black), then the positive terminal (red).
- Storing the Battery:
Store in a Cool, Dry Place: Keep batteries in a temperature-controlled environment (ideally between 50°F and 77°F / 10°C and 25°C) to prevent degradation.
Ensure the Battery is Off the Ground: Place the battery on a non-conductive surface to prevent accidental short circuits.
Avoid Storing Fully Discharged Batteries: If batteries are stored for extended periods, make sure they are at least 50% charged to maintain optimal health. Batteries that are left discharged for too long can lose capacity.
- Regular Battery Health Check:
Monitor Battery Voltage After Each Use: After each practice or competition, check the voltage of each battery before and after use. Record any significant drops in voltage, as this could indicate the battery is losing capacity.
Log Battery Usage: Maintain a log of battery usage, voltage readings, and charging cycles to track performance over time.
- Preparing Batteries for Use:
Pre-Competition Check: Before each competition or important practice, ensure all batteries are fully charged, cleaned, and properly stored.
Test the Batteries on the Robot: Place the battery in the robot and ensure it powers up without issues. Check for any signs of overheating or abnormal behavior during practice runs.
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Note: If you ever notice any performance issues with the batteries (e.g., significant voltage drop, overheating, or charging difficulties), notify the Battery Manager immediately for further inspection or replacement. Regular maintenance and careful handling will ensure your team's batteries stay healthy and ready to power your robot effectively.